Wood-shaping machine.



A. M. MORRISON. WOOD SHAPNG MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED Amm. 1915.

1,182,298, Patented May 9,1916.

2 SHEETSSHEET l.

^ mi l A. M. MORRISON.

woon SHAPING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 24, 1915.

1,182,298. f Patented May 9,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

'rmt COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPII ca, WASHINGTON, n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREW M. MORRISON, 0F LAWRENCE, MASSACHUSETTS.

WOOD-SHAPING MACHINE.

Application filed April 24, 1915.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, ANDREW M. MORRI- soN, of Lawrence, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in VVood-Shaping Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machines for producing wood forms to be used as core boxes, molds for cement or concrete, and analogous uses, and refers particularly to such machines adapted to produce concave patterns or molds.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a cutter head having knives or cutters which are adjustable toward and from the axis of rotation of the cutter head to vary the operative diameter of the entire cutter during operation of the machine.

Another object is to provide a machine of this character wherein the variation of the operative diameter of the cutter may be controlled by means of a pattern.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists in the `improvements which I shall now proceed to describe and claim. y

Of the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan View of a wood shaping machine constructed according to my invention in one of its embodiments. Fig. 2 is a detail elevation of the cutter head and its cutters. Fig. 3 represents a section onv line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 represents a section on line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an elevation of the machine looking in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 1. Figs. 6 and 7 are longitudinal sectional views of specimens of work produced by the machine.

Similar reference characters similar parts in all of the views.

A suitably constructed table or frame is provided with a work bed 12, and has a bearing 13 for a hollow or tubular shaft 14 carrying the cutter head 15, thevaXis of the shaft being substantially in the plane of bed 12 over which the work is moved. The knives lor cutters 16, preferably .carried by slides 17 mounted in guides in the cutter head as best indicated in Figs. 2 and 3, are provided with rack teeth 18, said rack zteeth being formed preferably in the slides 17 to which .the knives or cutters 16 aresecured in order that .the knives themselves, when worn indicate .may be replaced by new ones attached .to

.thev slides. Mounted to rotate in the cutter Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 9, 1916.

Serial No. 23,623.

head 15 are two pinions 19, one of which is in engagement with the rack teeth of one knife or cutter and the other being in engagement with the rack teeth of the other knife or cutter, both of said pinions being also engaged by the longitudinally adjustable rack 26 presently described.

A hand wheel 20 is connected to one end of a shaft 21 mounted in suitable bearings and having a bevel pinion 22 meshing with a bevel pinion 23 carried by the outer end of a shaft having a screw threaded portion 24 on which is mounted a nut 27. Connected to the nut is a rod 25 having a rack toothed portion 26 passing through the hollow cutter head shaft 14 and also between the two pinions 19449 and in engagement with the latter whereby, when the nut 27 is shifted by the operation of the screw shaft 24, the pinions will be rotated and, owing to the engagement of the latter with the knives or cutters, said knives or cutters will be adjusted out or in to vary the operative diameter of the complete cutter.

The nut 27 is provided with an ear 2S (Fig. 1) which is slotted to receive a stud 29 carried by elbow lever 30 pivoted at 31 and connected to a slide 32 having a gage or indicator 33 (see Fig. 5).

The cutter head has a toothed portion constituting a pinion 34 which is engaged by a gear 35 carried by a shaft 36 having a pulley 37 for a driving belt.

Adjustably mounted upon the work bed 12 is a work guide 38 against which one side of a block of wood may be placed, and along which said block may be guided, onto the cutter head when said block is to be formed with la concave pattern such as indicated by slide 32 is mounted in a bearing 42 which is Y Y ,adjustable i131 'height ,according to the height f :or thickness of ,the V block or piece of work a.

As indica-ted in the drawings-this vertical adjustment may be provided for by having a portion of the bearing 42 overlapping a frame bracket 48, one of the overlapping members being provided with slots through which binding screws pass into the other member.

It is understood that when a core box or an analogous pattern or mold is to be produced, it is made up of two blocks or pieces each of which is given a certain concave but always completely semi-cylindrical formation, so that the two pieces or blocks which are, of course, duplicates of each other, may be then connected to form a complete core box or mold. For instance, when a piece of work such as indicated in Figs. 6 and 7 is to be produced, the block or piece of Wood, which can be routed out roughly at one end to enable the work to be started at one end of the block, is placed upon the work bed with one side against the guide 38, the .cutter head being rotated by means of power conveyed to the shaft 36. The block or piece of wood may have temporarily attached to its upper surface either an outline of a pattern to be produced in the block a, or may have temporarily attached to its upper surface a strip of wood or other suitable material one side edge or face of which has been shaped according to the longitudinal pattern to be produced inside of the block a. The pattern or guide b is to coperate with the gage or indicator 33. The operator can with one hand push the block a along the guide 3S on to and over the cutter head while the latter is operating, and with the other hand operating the hand wheel 20, causes the shaft 24 to rotate, thereby, through the nut 27, pushing the rack 26 in the direction of its length so as to cause the knives or cutters to be shifted out or in. The movement of the nut 27 just described also oscillates the elbow lever 30 and causes the slide 32 and the gage or indicator 33 to shift in a direction toward and from the center line of the top of the work a. All the operator has to do is, while feeding the work a along, to operate the hand wheel 2O so as to cause the gage or indicator 33 to follow the pattern or guide b. This simultaneously effects a variation in the operative diameter of the cutter head, in the manner already described. No reduction is made, however, in the cylindrical proportion of the cut or groove; that is, it remains semi-cylindrical so that two blocks, put together, will present a cylindrical bore varying in diameter endwise according to the adjustment made in the diameter of the cutter.

If a piece of work is to be formed with a straight taper such as indicated in Fig. 7, the variation of the operative diameter of the cutter may be automatically effected by the movement of the block a itself. To do this, I may provide a wheel 44 (Figs. 1 and 4) in position to be engaged by the work so that it will be rotated by the work as the latter is pushed along the guide 38. The operative engagement may be effected by forming the periphery of the wheel with spurs. or roughening it, or providing a rubber rim. The wheel 44 is carried by a shaft 45 mounted so it can be adjusted in the direction of its length when the guide 38 is adjusted. Splined on shaft 45 is a sprocket l 46 connected by sprocket chain 47 with a sprocket 48 on shaft 21. By these connections, the feed of the work causes shaft 2l to be rotated and rack 26 to be shifted, so as to gradually vary the operative diameter of the cutter. The degree of taper will, obviously, be according to the relative diameters of sprockets 46, 48, and these may, of course, be changed.

I claim:

1. In amachine of the character described, a work bed, a rotary expansible cutter havn ing its axis substantially in the plane of the bed, and means for varying the operative diameter thereof during rotation.

2. In a machine of the character described having a Work bed provided with a work guide, a rotary expansible cutter mounted to rotate in a direction to operate upon the work in a direction toward said guide, the axis of the cutter being substantially in the plane of the work bed and means for varying the operative diameter of the cutter during rotation.

3. In a machine of the character described a work bed, a rotatable head having its axis substantially in the plane of the bed, said head having cutters adjustable in opposite directions toward and from the periphery 0f the head and means for adjusting the cutters outwardly or inwardly during rotation of the head.

4. Inamachine of the character described, a rotary head having cutters adjustable in opposite directions toward and from the periphery of the head, said cutters having rack teeth, pinions mounted in the head and engaging said rack teeth, a rack extending through the head and engaging the pinions, and means for adjusting the last-mentioned rack in the direction of its length during rotation of the cutter head.

5. In amachine of the character described, a rotary head having cutters adjustable in opposite directions toward and from the periphery of the head, said cutters having rack teeth, pinions mounted in the head and engaging said rack teeth, a rack extending through the head and engaging the pinions, and means for adjusting the last-mentioned rack in the direction of its length during rotation of the cutter head, said means com prising a manually rotatable screw, and a nut mounted on said screw, said nut being connected with the cutter-adjusting rack.

6. Inamachine of the character described, a hollow shaft having a head, means for rtating said shaft and head, cutters mounted in the head and movable toward and from the periphery thereof, said cutters having rack teeth, pinions mounted in the head and engaging the rack teeth of the cutters, a rack passing through said hollow shaft and engaging the pinions, and means for adjusting said rack in the direction of its length.

7. In amachine of the character described, a Work bed, a rotary cutter having means for varying its working diameter during operation, the axis of the cutter being substantially in the plane of the work bed, an indicator for coperating with a pattern, and means for simultaneously adjusting both cutter and indicator.

8. Inamachine of the character described, a rotary cutter having means for varying its working diameter during operation, an indicator for coperating with a pattern, means for simultaneously adjusting both cutter and indicator, said means comprising a manually operable screw, a nut mounted on said screw, connections between said nut and the cutters for varying the operative diameter of the latter, and connections between said nut and the indicator.

9. In amachine of the character described, a rotary head having cutters movable inwardly and outwardly relatively to the peri phery of the head, said cutters having rack teeth, pinions carried by the head and engaging said rack teeth, a longitudinally adjustable rack engaging both of said pinions, a manually rotatable screw, a nut mounted on said screw and connected with said rack, a slide having an indicator movable in a direction toward and from a plane intersecting the aXis of rotation of the cutter head, and an elbow lever connecting said slide and nut.

In testimony whereof I have ailixed my signature.

ANDREW M. MORRISON.

Copies o! thi! patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C. 

